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Route 483       Page 510  Los Angeles Section
                Cross RR 54.5.  Pass Galivan Sta. on right 54.7.
           59.5 14.3 3-corners, San Juan Capistrano Mission on left; bear right.
           59.6  0.1 San Juan Capistrano,* P. 0. on left.  Straight thru, following
                winding road along RR.  Avoid right-hand road 62.2.
                   Right at 62.2 is Note  (c) Route 541 to Irvine via Laguna Beach.
                Pass Las Flores Sta. on left 82.3, following shores of Pacific
                Ocean.  Pass Fallbrook Jet., sta. on left 87.7.  Cross RR 88.6.
           90.1 30.5 Oceanside,* State highway & 2nd St., bank on right.  Straight
                thru on State highway.  Cross RR 91.3.
                   Left on 2nd St. is Note (b) Route 541 to Bonsall.
                   Left at 91.9 is Route 485 to Santa Ysabel.
           93.2  3.1 End of road; turn right across RR at Carl Sta. and imme-
                diately left along Pacific Ocean. Thru Encinitas 1Q2.2.  Cross
                RR 103.0.
           *San Juan Capistrano, Cal., is the site of the  of the church by the earthquake in 1812. The
          old San Juan Capistrano mission, the “Mel-  cloisters and kitchen have been reroofed and
          rose Abbey  of the West,” and the seventh  braced and various preservative repairs car-
          mission  in order of founding, considered  to  ried out. Mass is  still celebrated in “Serra’s
          have been the most splendid of all the mis-  Chapel,” as the old church restored by the
          sions.  Its  ruins  are both  picturesque and  Landmarks club is called.  In the campanario
          imposing  and  possess,  particularly  when  on the northeast corner of the church of 1797
          lighted by the full moon, a singularly romantic  hang  four bronze  bells rung by  ropes  at-
          beauty.  Against  a  background  of  purple  tached to the clappers. The large ones are
          mountains they  stand on  a  hilltop  at  the  tolled for the death of adults and the small
          border of the little town. The foundation of  ones for the passing of little children.
          this mission was attempted in 1775 by Father  Whoever sees the ruins of San Juan holds
          Lasuen, but after the work had proceeded for  them ever after in lustrous memory.  Grilled
          eight days news received of the Indian revolt  windows, quaint latticed chimney,  irregular
          at San Diego made  it necessary to postpone  arches, bits of carving in the stone capitals
          the prosecution of the work to a more auspi-  of pilaster, and above wide wooden doors, owl-
          cious time. Accordingly, the bells were buried  haunted colonnades of crumbling arches, clus-
          and the workers retired to San Diego. Two  tered pillars with broken filletings, crumbling
          years later Padre Serra, assisted by Fathers  walls and floors adorned by vines and flowers
          Pablo  Mugartegui  and  Gregorio  Amurrio,  in a bewildering riot of lines and colors, and
          again took up the task. The cross was found  roof tiles showing their red above the cream
          still standing in its place, the bells were dis-  of  the  time-stained  walls and  against  the
          interred, and the  first Holy Mass was cele-  exquisite blue of the sky, make a picture of
                              never-to-be-forgotten
          brated on the Feast of All Saints, November 1,  beauty.  The church,
          1776, which is generally considered as the date  the ruins of which are  still to be seen, was
          of  the  founding  of  S'an  Juan  Capistrano.  designed by Father Gorgonio.  It  is  in the
          Fathers Mugartegui and Amurrio were  in  form of a Roman cross and is  180 feet long
          charge of the construction of the first build-  and 90 feet wide, with an arched roof that was
          ing and the administrative affairs of the mis-  a series of seven domes or bovedas, and a bell
          sion. They were both wise and zealous; the  tower 120 feet high, surmounted by a gilded
          natives were well disposed,  the lands were  cock.  From the dome over the transept rose
          fertile, and the mission prospered from the  a narrow spire  of the large square mission
          first.  In 1797 work was begun on the stone  tiles or ladrillos. The patio, or padre’s gar-
          church, the remains of which are  still to be  den, is still a lovely spot enclosed by a cloister
          seen, and  it was consecrated September  7,  garlanded with flower and vine.  Until about
          1806, with splendid ceremonies. The mission  1895 San Juan had one  of the best  of the
          was  at the zenith of  its prosperity  in  1812,  mission libraries.  It consisted chiefly of well-
          when at the Feast of Purisima an earthquake  known Latin and Spanish books of divinity,
          sent the church tower and roof crashing down  bound in sheepskin or parchment, tied with
          on the heads of the congregation, killing 43  leather thongs or having metal clasps. The
          persons, the officiating priest escaping as by  first page of the record of marriages was writ-
          a  miracle.  In  1833 Figuero  secularized  the  ten and signed by Junipero Serra. A striking
          mission by organizing the Indians into a “pro-  evidence of the industrial enterprises of the
          visional pueblo” and issuing the statement  padres  is presented in the ruins of the aque-
          that  the  padres had  surrendered  all tem-  ducts  or  flumes, some  of  brick,  others  of
          poralities.  In 1846 the population, which had  wood, supported across ravines, which con-
          been  1,361,  had  dwindled  to  113  souls.  In  veyed the water for irrigating the 80 acres of
          February,  1896, the Landmarks Club of Cali-  orchard, vineyard and garden which was once
          fornia secured a lease of San Juan Capistrano,  surrounded by an adobe wall.  Several rem-
          including  all the buildings  in need of care,  nants of these aqueducts may  still be seen
          with the necessary ground and rights of way,  in the village, and there remain reservoirs,
          and a preference to the club as purchaser in  cisterns and zanjzas of brick, stone and ce-
          case the property should ever be for sale, and  ment located at advantageous points.
          work was undertaken under the direction of  “Oceanside, Cal. (pop.  1,500,  alt. 42  ft.), is a
          Mr. R. Egan, who for many years had made  summer and winter resort on the Pacific, 42
          personal  efforts toward the preservation of  miles north of San Diego.  It was one of the
          the mission. The club has restored the old  boom towns  of the  ’70’s.  Here the  tourist
          adobe church, the first one built at the mis-  leaves the railroad to visit the Mission San
          sion and the one used after the destruction  Luis Rey de Francia.
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