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TIME
Figure 8: The Landscape Preservation Process
In the second stage, during the preservation planning process, maintenance operations
continue to focus on minimizing disturbance, and protecting and stabilizing deteriorated fea-
tures. A Cultural Landscape Report (CLR) is prepared containing an in-depth history of the
landscape, historic and existing conditions base maps, site analysis, and evaluation of the
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landscapes' significance and integrity. Throughout this process, overlap is likely between
maintenance operations and research. For example, archaeologists may find evidence of an
old drainage system that, when unclogged, alleviates flooding of a portion of the property.
Or, maintenance staff may discover evidence of an old path or garden. The second stage also
involves a treatment decision on whether to preserve, rehabilitate, restore, or reconstruct the
landscape. One of the many factors which determines treatment is whether or not funding and
staffing resources are available to sustain it. For example, it may not be possible to restore an
extensive historic perennial garden if, during the period of signficance there were thirty
gardeners to maintain it, whereas nqw. there is only one.
. In the ·thir<;l stage, after treatrriehHsimplemented~ the ~Preservation Maintenance Plan
may be revised . .t'o .. incorpo1;-°~t~ rtew ,o·r r~qi<;>Ve:d laruiscape f~~~res. The Plan would ·now
.. include. informatibl;l. abouftl'\e hi5.tory, ahd origin pf, features, long.:term preservation objec-
tives, and maihteilance procedures that will e_nsure the treatment goals are achieved. Through-
out all stages .of the preservation process, thorough record keeping within the preservation
rriaintenance plan ensures that important information regarding changes to the landscape are
noted for future reference.

4 For a definition of a Cultural Landscape Report, treatment, and treatment options including preservation, rehabilitation,
restoration, and reconstruction, refer to Appendix A. A more detailed explanation of a Cultural Landscape Report and
its components can be found in Preservation Brief #36, NPS-28, or A Guide to Cultural Landscape Reports: Contents, Process
and Techniques, prepared by Robert R. Page, Cathy A. Gilbert, and Susan A. Dolan. US DOI, NPS, Cultural Resources,
Park Historic Structures and Cultural Landscapes Program, 1998.

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